The Marshall Plan aid was divided among the participant states roughly on a per capita basis. The Marshall Plan required a reduction of interstate barriers, a dropping of many regulations, and encouraged an increase in productivity, as well as the adoption of modern business procedures. The goals of the United States were to rebuild war-torn regions, remove trade barriers, modernize industry, improve European prosperity, and prevent the spread of communism. Replacing an earlier proposal for a Morgenthau Plan, it operated for four years beginning on April 3, 1948. The United States transferred over $13 billion (equivalent of about $114 billion in 2020 ) in economic recovery programs to Western European economies after the end of World War II. The Marshall Plan (officially the European Recovery Program, ERP) was an American initiative passed in 1948 for foreign aid to Western Europe.
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